Introduction globalization refers to the shift toward a more integrated and interdependent world economy. The position of african economies in global trade networks has been hotly debated and authored. The challenge of globalization in africa remarks by. Pdf the impact of globalization on african countries. Globalisation measured by exports as a share of output per cent year world exports of goods and services as a % of gdp world exports of merchandise as a % of gdp 1820 1. Capitalist production and trade replacing protectionist economies through specialization and globalization of the process of production and an integrated market. Under these models, the connection of subsaharan african countries to the global economy is mainly through primary commodities and raw material exports. Ouattara deputy managing director of the international monetary fund at the southern africa. The effects of globalization on various aspects of the life of developing nations has always been controversial. Determinants of globalization and growth prospects for sub. Nov 12, 2006 the impact of globalization on africa s social and economic conditions in the twentieth century, the phenomenon of globalization rapidly swept across the world forcefully and powerfully. As philip nel discovered in his survey of the attitudes of governing elites visavis globalization, globalization has not only become a salient issue, but also a highly contested one in current public debates in south africa nel 1998. Statistics reported in chen 2001 suggest that 93 percent of new jobs created in africa during the 1990s were in the informal sector, reflecting the impact of globalization, economic reforms and competitive pressures on the labour market in recent years.
What south africa thinks about globalization south africa is one of the most unequal countries in the world. Globalization is a trend that impacts everyone more and more each day. Among other things there is a lack of infrastructure, including telecommunication linkages with the outside world and within africa, low levels of technological innovation, low expenditure on research and. Panafricanism has emerged as a political reaction to feelings that globalization is only a tool topropagate western interests in the region. This paper aims to examine the impact of globalization in africa by exploring the concept of globalization, how african countries view the effects of globalization, the benefits and challenges. Of recent, emphasis has been on the impact of globalization on african culture. Second, let me talk about the importance of effective social spending. This essay focuses on south africas manufacturing sector to illustrate the impact globalisation. Globalization and economic growth in subsaharan africa abstract this study analyzes subsaharan africa through the framework of globalization. We used the kof globalization index with a special bias on african countries. Ayhan kose 220 international monetary fund washington dc 2003. Attempts to conceptualize globalization have resulted in.
Globalization, the impact of trade liberalization, and labour. The term globalization captures the attention of everyone and especially economic development researchers. This paper unveils the issues surrounding the cultural impact of globalization on africa with a view of determining the able of western media in propagating cultural imperialism under the pretext of economic globalization through africa. South africa is one of the most unequal countries in the world. Implication of globalization on organization culture. The ebola outbreak in west africa demonstrated the overall vulnerability of the global community to the transmission of communicable diseases.
While equal access to schooling was guaranteed in 1996 schools act, access to health care has been uneven as there are not. Globalization as the process of intensification of economic, political, social and cultural relations across international boundaries aimed at the transcendental homogenization of political and socioeconomic theory across the globe, impacts significantly on african states through systematic restructuring of interactive phases among its nations, by. What africa needs to do to benefit from globalization international. It focuses on one particular manifestation of this phenomenon namely the inflow of foreign academics into the. Jul 07, 2005 as the leaders of the worlds eight most developed countries meet to discuss africas continued plight, the continents problems have taken center stage. There is the fear that ultimately, globalization aims at cultural homogenization and moreover, that the culture that will emerge at the end of the day will be predominantly american, thus americanization. However, the extent to which globalization was to blame for africas problems remained a matter of debate. We do not delve into the debate of whether high economic growth is desirable or structurally disruptive as argued by the pioneers of development economics clark 1940. Globalization is effecting the cities economy, its social and cultural life, its political realization and its physical form. Globalization and its effect on the south african economy essay sample. The very concept of globalization is difficult to exactly define, as it has vast meanings to a vast number of people. The impact of globalization on africa springerlink.
Most importantly, the risk that globalization is going to expedite the rate of the ecologically unsustainable growth in. But africas problems are both internal and external ranging from agricultural protectionism by developed countries to debt to severe corruption. Assessing the impact of one aspect of globalization on. Overall therefore, the negative consequences of globalization on africa far out way their positive impact. The aim of this paper is to present the key findings from that study, as well as to discuss some emerging policy. Adesina department of political science university of ibadan nigeria abstract as a member of the international community, nigeria is not shielded from globalization. Introduction globalization has become a major topic of discussion and concern in economic circles since the mid1990s. Effects of financial globalization on developing countries. Pdf the impact of globalization on africa felix kioko. South africa reentered the international economy from isolation at a time when the forces of globalisation especially for developing countries seemed to gain momentum. The global economy remained firmly in the grips of a recession in the first quarter of 2009, south african markets correspondingly quaked as activity continued to decline at broadly the same pace that had been registered in the previous quarter. As the leaders of the worlds eight most developed countries meet to discuss africas continued plight, the continents problems have taken center. This thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the department of economics at therepository at st.
Merrianwebsters online defines globalization as the. It can be defined as a process of worldwide integration of economies and societies. One is smiling and promising, the other looks less attractive, if not threatening. Nov 07, 2012 africa and increase it utilization of its raw materials and human resour ces. The impact of globalization on the informal sector in africa. For example, increased mobility is raising new challenges for africa, especially in the area of global health. Africa is the leastdeveloped continent in the world today, as is evident from the low levels of per capita income in many african countries. It has also opened african countries to intense external scrutiny and exercised pressure for greater transparency, openness and accountability in africa. Index introduction 3 main body 36 what is globalization 34 the rise of globalization and the effects on the global village 5 effects on africa and developing countries 6 conclusion 78 bibliography 9 introduction this paper aims to firstly discuss what is the globalization and then to look at the effect that it has on the global village. Africa has not been spared from the implications of this phenomenon.
Tips globalisation and economic growth in south africa. African countries, globalization, economic development. Impact of globalization and sustainability in africa. The negative impact of globalization on nigeria dr. Conclusion in conclusion, globalization presents both risks and opportunities for african nations. A recent history of industrialisation in south africa. Olaopo, from obafemi awolowo university in nigeria, and fredrick mugira, a ugandan journalist, writes about issues of cultural globalization in africa. The implications for cities in southern africa include economic pressure. Globalization and economic growth in subsaharan africa. One major positive impact of globalization on africa is that it has made available information on how other countries are governed and the freedoms and rights their people enjoy. Globalization is a popular term most frequently used to describe the expansion and integration of the world economy beginning in the final decades of the twentieth century. Globalization has effected cities in southern africa in many ways.
The case of south africa presents south africa as a case study and adopts a more sociological perspective. The effects of globalization on nigerian youths and the economy dr. Globalization is a hot area in the economies of subsaharan africa, especially considering the unfavorable outcomes of the imf and world bank sponsored structural adjustment programs. The imf will continue to make this case vigorously whenever and wherever it can. What south africa thinks about globalization globalization101. Essay about the impact of globalization on africas social. The revolution in mobility has enabled the rapid movement of goods around the world. The impact of globalization on subsaharan africa request pdf. The third aspect of globalization relevant to africa is global mobility. This is a discourse on political economy of globalization and its implication for africa with particular reference to nigeria. The information used in the study has been sourced from books, magazines, newspapers and internet research. The first is to introduce far reaching changes in the assumptions, values and objectives of the existing. The effects of globalization on culture in africa in the eyes.
Africa and increase it utilization of its raw materials and human resour ces. In the political sphere, the most important consequence is the erosion of sovereignty, especially on economic and financial. The impact of globalization on african countries economic. This paper focuses on the implications of the globalization process for africas industrial competitiveness, manifested in part in the regions inability to produce and export manufactured goods. How africa decides to approach globalization must be determined by its most urgent goals. The challenges of globalisation for development in southern africa andre c jordaan the world is currently engaged in a process of globalisation, as is reflected in the growth of world trade, unification of capital markets, internationalisation of production, distribution networks and the megarevolution in information, communications and.
The challenges of globalization for africa globalization will continue to reinforce the interdependencies between different countries and regions. This paper looks at the impact of globalization on higher education within the context of south africa. This thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the department of economics at therepository at. In line with this globalization has to remain unaltered but to continue shedding more light across the globe.
It focuses on one particular manifestation of this phenomenon namely the inflow of foreign academics into the higher education institutions of south africa. Why might the g8s focus on africa also be a time for the continent to do some selfreflection. Globalization, the impact of trade liberalization, and. The case study of port elizabeth is used to chart some of these changes. At one extreme, a contributor to the senegal dialogue. Statistics reported in chen 2001 suggest that 93 percent of new jobs created in africa during the 1990s were in the informal sector, reflecting the impact of globalization, economic reforms and competitive pressures on. But africas ability to take advantage of this has been hampered by poor intraafrican infrastructure and industrial production. This has led to an integration of national economies, where uniformity results. Although the economic growth pattern is lower than acceptable norms in other emerging economies, the forces of globalisation seems to be stronger than expected.
However, in order to maximize the benefits of globalization, subsaharan africa needs to adopt among others. It is clear that the trend toward more integrated world markets has opened a wide potential for greater growth, and presents an unparalleled opportunity for developing countries to raise their living standards. The impact of globalization on africa in africa, its position in the international system has been considerably weakened by the fact that it has been losing the race for economic development in general, and human development in particular, to other regions, these. The challenges of globalisation for development in southern. Another contributor to the senegal dialogue said the impact on african business was an unequal combat which would lead to certain death. The country is struggling to bring restitution to its black majority, while developing itself economically.
Globalization delivers its economic benefits in part by promoting change, the rise and fall of different industries and economic activities. Rather, we assume that high economic growth is a desirable outcome. The style of information dissemination throughout the world this time has. Globalization and the south african transformation. For centuries, globalization has progressively knitted together the world and created unity out of great diversity.
The challenges of globalisation for development in. To reverse this situation, africa must meet two major challenges. The study investigated the ways in which globalisation, specifically, the economic reforms pursued by the tanzanian government and the presence of foreign and exporting firms, have impacted on the labour market. Panafricanism has emerged as a political reaction to feelings that globalization is only a. It is the process of growing interdependence of countries worldwide through the increasing volume of crossborder transactions in goods and services and of capital flows, and also through the more rapid and widespread diffusion of technology the international. Most importantly, the risk that globalization is going to expedite the rate of the ecologically unsustainable growth in africa. Attempts to conceptualize globalization have resulted in diversity of world views. The global market has largely been out of reach for africa. For the purposes of this essay, globalisation is defined as the process whereby economic activity, society, culture and politics are increasingly susceptible to influences.
Specific impact of globalization on africa were identified. But many of the illeffects of globalization have already hit that continent, where most of its 780 million. The challenges of globalization for africa alassane d. The impact of globalisation on tanzanias labour market.
Ann ogbo 1,2,3department of management university of nigeria enugu campus abstract. However, the country is exposed to both the positive and negative effects of. South africa on the face of the global recession south africa was not spared by the global recession that gripped the global markets in 2009. To explore how developing countries view globalization 3. The very concept of globalization is difficult to exactly define, as it has vast meanings to a. No one doubted that over the past 20 years of globalization, africa has fared far worse than other regions. The object of this paper is, firstly, to assess the impact of trade liberalization on employment and wages in south africa. Occasional paper 220 effects of financial globalization on developing countries. Globalization and the southern african economies the web site. Introduction the term globalization could mean different things to different people. Feb 05, 2015 lere, ishaku, globalization and development. At best africa felt bypassed, at worst abused and humiliated.
The effects of globalization on culture in africa in the eyes of an african woman it is imperative that development is measured in terms of the quality of human life, which can be reflected in, for example, better education, health and life expectancy for every single member of society. Globalization and its effect on the south african economy. However, despite the prior prosperity promises of globalization and the benefits of an information accessing society, the afterwards benefits have not been universal and global inequality has increased instead. By kauhakanua martin mbambus africa was once was a land of culture, tradition and rural settings where the cock crow signalled the dawn of a new day, however with the arrival of globalisation, we are tempted to assume that globalisation is not a doubleedged sword. The studys objective is to determine whether globalization is a significant factor when associated with economic growth in the region. According to a leader from civil society, africa needed to develop a culture of resistance to globalization in order to avoid being reduced to the status of a beggar economy. The effects of globalization on culture in africa in the. It can also deepen the partnership between the advanced countries and the rest of the world. Globalization and development in subsaharan africa the united. To understand south africas industrialisation since 1990, the process has to be considered in relation to the previous decades that the country spent under apartheid rule.
Medical staff caring for covid19 patients face mental stress, physical exhaustion, separation from families, stigma, and the pain of losing patients and colleagues. The impact of globalization on africas social and economic conditions in the twentieth century, the phenomenon of globalization rapidly swept across the world forcefully and powerfully. Impact of globalization and sustainability in africa 927 6. African countries, globalization, economic development, information technology. How can africa benefit from globalization global governance. Fridah muyalemanenji, an african women, political science professors dr.
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